Pug-mill



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

. J. GROSSLEY.

PUG MILL.

No. 473,497. Patented Apr. 26, 1892.

(No Model.) I 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J. CROSSLEY.

PUG MILL.

No. 473,497. Patented Apr. 26, 1892.

0 D J BID n O D D C" DD f b g E g:

D D @Nf. a D: 1T m I A 1 .1 5 mid-'3. D0 a on w n e G v Lu v9. O1

Witnesses: fnve'ni'or; dost/w 6n .r

' as 1.6) up UNITED v STATES PATENT OFFIGE.

JOSEPH CROSSLEY, OE TRENTON, NE\V JERSEY.

PUG-MILL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 473,497, dated April26, 1892.

Application filed August 14, 1890. Serial No. 361.961- (No model.)

The invention relates to that class of machines used in the working andtempering of clay in the process of manufacturing bricks, tiles, orpottery articles, known as pugmills.

It has for its object to provide a mill which is adapted for use withall the diiferentkinds and varieties of clay without liability ofstaining or discoloring the material consequent upon the use of the ironmills now commonly employed, and, further, to provide a new and improvedmanner of securing the arms or fiukes to the central shaft, which, amongother advantages, will permit of their ready removal, and, finally, toprovide a construction of cylinder which may be easily set up andreadily opened for giving access to the interior.

In the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, Figure1 is a side elevation of my complete pug-mill. Fig. 2 is a verticalsection on the line 2 2, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section on theline 3 3, Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a perspective of the cylinder detached. Fig.5 is a detail section vertically through the shaft. Fig. 6 is detail inperspective showing the manner of locking the fiukes to one another.

A denotes the supporting-frame for the machine, which may be of anyconvenient or preferred construction, having suitable uprights,cross-pieces, base, and legs, all as represented in the drawings.

B indicates the cylinder, open at bottom and top, and one-half of whichis firmly bolted to the base-piece of the frame, which forms the bottomof the cylinder, preferably by bolts 12 passing through the flange, f atits lower edge. This cylinder is vertically divided into two parts 1) bhinged together at one side,

as at c, and provided on the opposite side with any suitable fasteningdevices d, those pass through'the flange of one part only, this being toallow the other part to swing laterally, so as to expose the interior.

F is the discharge spout or funnel, of any suitable shape orconstruction, and detachably fastened to one of the halves of thecylindeia Instead of making this cylinder of cast-iron or other metalwhich will rust under the action of the moisture in the clay, I purposeto make it of porcelain, marbleizediron, or other suitablenon-oxidizable material, thereby avoiding the staining or discoloring ofthe clay arising from the oxidation or rusting of the said metalcylinders. Great economy in the cost of the plant is obtained in thusmaking the cylinder out of a material which will permit of the use ofdifferent kinds of clay in the same machine, instead of havin g toprovide different mills for the several varieties.

In the upper cross-piece of the frame A is mounted the depending shaftS, arranged centrally within the cylinder. wheel W is fixed upon theupper end of this shaft and arranged to be driven by a pinion P on theupper end of a line-shaft L, this latter shaft being in turn driventhrough suitmeshing with the pinion H on the main driveshaft M of themachine. This main driveshaft is constantly driven by a band thrown overthe band-wheel I on its outer end. The pinion H is loose on the shaft,but is adapted to be connected therewith and disconnected therefrom atthe will of the attendant by a clutch O, splined on the shaft andadapted to be engaged with and disengaged from the pinion by means andin a manner too common to need description. The depending shaft S ismade cylindrical throughout its length except for a short distance atthe bottom, where it is angular in cross-section, as

shown at s in Fig. 5. Below this angular position its extreme end isprovided with a screw-thread to secure a nut 11. to hold the hub of theend fluke in position. These fiukes or vanes V are intended to be made,like the cylinder, of some substance which will not rust under theaction of the moisture in the A large spurable miter-gearing m g by thespur-gear Cr,

IOC

clay. Otherwise they differ from those now in use only in the manner inwhich they are secured to the shaft and to each other.

In this class of machines it is desirable that there should be no knobsor projectionssuch as bolt-heads, nuts, or screwson the exterior of theshaft or the interior of the cylinder. Such obstructions form airbubbles in the clay and retard and hinder the free action of themachine, besides rendering the parts very difficult to clean. To obviatethese obj ections, instead of securing the hubs h of the vanes or armsto the shaft by set-screws or other devices projecting from the shaft, I

fasten the end hub or sleeve alone on and to the shaft, as hereinafterdescribed, and connect the others to the shaft by locking them one toanother. The body of the shaft, as before described, is round. Thesleeves or hubs h of the vanes are also made round to fit snugly on theshaft, except the end sleeve, whose hub is made angular on its interiorto conform to the angular cross-section of the end of the shaft. Thisend hub, after being slipped on, is firmly secured in place by screw ingthe nut 71 upon the threaded end of the shaft. Upon the upper end of thesleeve I form a stud or dowel t, and the adjoining sleeve is providedwith a notch a; tointerlock with the stud and securely fasten the twotogether. All the hubs except the end ones are provided on one end withthe stud and on the other with the notch and fit together, as clearlyshown in the drawings. This construction, it will be seen, entirelydispenses with projecting fastenings, the hubs being left smooth ontheir surfaces and circular in outline. It will also be seen that allthe vanes can readily be removed for cleaning or repairs by simplytaking the end sleeve off. In putting the parts together the round shafthas the advantage over the angular one of allowing the hubs to beslipped on at random, the end one only requiring any adjustment. It ispreferred to make the studs and notches at diiferent points on thecircle of the hubs, so that when in position they shall break joints, asit Were, as seen in Fig. 5.

In the bottom of the cylinder is arranged Y same material.

the feeding or ejector Worm Q, it being mounted on one end of theshaftcarrying the wheel G, the shaft turning in suitable boxes orbearings on the base-plate of the framing. The Worm is set in line withthe discharge-spout I diametrically across the cylinder, and is properlygeared and timed with the revolutions of the agitating-arms.

The operation of the invention is very simple and easily understood bythose skilled in the art. It needs no particular description.

Though I have described the cylinder and flukes as made of porcelain orother non-oxidizable material, it is obvious that they'rnay be made ofcast-iron or other metal liable to rust and be coated with a vitreous orother coating which will not be affected by the moisture in the clay. Itis also intended that the ejector-worm and the base-piece forming thebottom of the cylinder should be made of the In fact, all parts of themill which are exposed to contact with the clay are to be so formed ortreated.

While I have shown the shaft S as round, it may be angular throughoutits length, though the round form is preferred as more convenient.

Having thus described my invention, What I claim is- In a pug-mill, thecombination of the two-. part cylinder, the detachable spout on thelower end of the removable part of the cylinder, the agitator-shaftsupported at its upper end and depending within the cylinder, theejector-worm shaft in the bottom of the cylinder beneath theagitator-shaft and in line with the discharge-spout, the drive-shaft M,the loose pinion H and sliding clutch O thereon, the gear G on theejector-shaft meshing with the pinion H, and the line-shaft Ii, drivenby the gear G and driving the gear W on the upper end of theagitator-shaft, sub

stantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signatu re in

